From: Holistic multiphysics simulation of climatic responses of cold region pavements
Layer # | Material | Thickness (m) |
---|---|---|
3 | Asphalt concrete: Hot Mixed, Hot Laid AC, Dense Graded | 0.180 |
2 | Unbound (granular) base: Crushed Stone | 0.305 |
1 | Subgrade (untreated): Silt and silty sand | 1.515 |