Table 3 Cycling willingness index (CWI) for the different coefficient of rolling resistance (Crr) ranges. P-value representing the difference between answer distribution for opposite groups. Post-hoc indicates significant differences between answer distribution for multiple groups
From: The effect of rolling resistance on people’s willingness to cycle during wintertime
Crr level | Crr range | All respondents (1318) | Gender | P-value | E-bike | P-value | Studded tires | P-value | |||
Female (379) | Male (938) | Yes (311) | No (900) | Yes (1084) | No (127) | ||||||
1 | 0.00–0.01 | 91.2% | 90.7% | 91.5% | 0.298 | 92.9% | 90.7% | 0.029 | 93.5% | 90.4% | 0.011 |
2 | 0.01–0.02 | 68.8% | 64.7% | 70.4% | 0.000 | 68.7% | 68.8% | 0.344 | 72.7% | 60.5% | 0.000 |
3 | 0.02–0.03 | 51.2% | 43.2% | 54.4% | 0.000 | 49.9% | 51.6% | 0.354 | 55.8% | 37.5% | 0.000 |
4 | 0.03–0.04 | 28.8% | 20.6% | 32.1% | 0.000 | 26.3% | 29.6% | 0.000 | 31.3% | 22.6% | 0.000 |
5 | 0.04–0.05 | 31.1% | 20.6% | 35.4% | 0.000 | 28.9% | 31.9% | 0.014 | 33.8% | 25.4% | 0.000 |
6 | 0.05–0.06 | 18.3% | 11.4% | 21.2% | 0.000 | 15.8% | 19.1% | 0.072 | 19.6% | 16.9% | 0.000 |
Season specific cyclists | P-value | ||||||||||
Not cyclists (19)a | Summer only (88) | Year-round (1211) | |||||||||
1 | 0.00–0.01 | 71.4% | 93.2% | 0.000 | |||||||
2 | 0.01–0.02 | 38.1% | 71.4% | 0.000 | |||||||
3 | 0.02–0.03 | 19.7% | 53.9% | 0.000 | |||||||
4 | 0.03–0.04 | 9.5% | 30.3% | 0.000 | |||||||
5 | 0.04–0.05 | 9.7% | 32.9% | 0.000 | |||||||
6 | 0.05–0.06 | 6.6% | 19.3% | 0.000 | |||||||
Winter cycling frequency | Post-hoc | ||||||||||
N (Never) (107) | M (Monthly) (72) | W (Weekly) (139) | D (Daily) (1000) | ||||||||
1 | 0.00–0.01 | 69.0% | 88.1% | 90.2% | 94.0% | N < M, W < D | |||||
2 | 0.01–0.02 | 38.7% | 58.3% | 66.1% | 73.1% | N < M < W < D | |||||
3 | 0.02–0.03 | 21.1% | 37.8% | 48.1% | 55.9% | N < M < W < D | |||||
4 | 0.03–0.04 | 11.8% | 18.1% | 27.1% | 31.7% | N < M < W < D | |||||
5 | 0.04–0.05 | 11.0% | 18.4% | 25.9% | 35.0% | N < M < W < D | |||||
6 | 0.05–0.06 | 7.3% | 7.0% | 15.7% | 20.7% | N < M < W < D | |||||
Location | Post-hoc | ||||||||||
S (South) (19)a | N (North) (47) | E (East) (723) | W (West) (147) | M (Middle) (274) | |||||||
1 | 0.00–0.01 | 94.5% | 91.1% | 91.0% | 93.6% | E, W, M, N | |||||
2 | 0.01–0.02 | 76.6% | 68.0% | 62.7% | 72.1% | W < E < M < N | |||||
3 | 0.02–0.03 | 66.5% | 50.2% | 39.4% | 55.4% | W < E < M < N | |||||
4 | 0.03–0.04 | 45.4% | 27.3% | 21.2% | 30.8% | W < E < M < N | |||||
5 | 0.04–0.05 | 52.1% | 30.2% | 22.3% | 30.9% | W < E, M < N | |||||
6 | 0.05–0.06 | 36.2% | 17.2% | 13.5% | 17.4% | W < E, M < N | |||||
Age | Post-hoc | ||||||||||
A (18-) (9)a | B (18–35) (317) | C (36–50) (591) | D (51–65) (423) | E (66+) (31) | |||||||
1 | 0.00–0.01 | 91.5% | 92.6% | 89.3% | 85.8% | B, C, D, E | |||||
2 | 0.01–0.02 | 66.8% | 69.2% | 69.6% | 64.5% | B, C, D, E | |||||
3 | 0.02–0.03 | 48.6% | 52.1% | 51.9% | 37.8% | E < B < C, D | |||||
4 | 0.03–0.04 | 27.5% | 27.7% | 31.1% | 22.6% | E < B < C < D | |||||
5 | 0.04–0.05 | 27.8% | 30.6% | 34.1% | 28.2% | E < B < C, D | |||||
6 | 0.05–0.06 | 16.0% | 18.3% | 19.8% | 10.3% | E < B < C, D | |||||