From: Carbon-based nanomaterials engineered cement composites: a review
Matrix | CNMs types (by weight of cement) | w/c | Increment in mechanical strengths | Ref. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compressive | Flexural | Tensile | ||||
Paste | Graphene (0.05 wt%) | 0.35 | 3-8% | 15-24% | - | [138] |
Paste | Graphene (0.025 wt%) | 0.40 | 14.9% | 23.6% | 15.2 | [139] |
Paste | Graphene (2 wt%) | 0.38 | -33.3% | Â | Â | [140] |
Paste | GO (0.05 wt%) | 0.35 | 29.0% | - | - | [20] |
Paste | GO (0.01 wt) | 0.30 | 10.0% | 15.6% | - | [79] |
Paste | GO (0.03 wt) | 0.30 | 20.1% | 27.3% | - | |
Paste | GO (0.05 wt) | 0.30 | 27.5% | 30.7% | - | |
Paste | CNFs (0.1 wt%) | 0.485 | - | 20% | - | [34] |
Paste | CNTs (0.15 wt%) | 0.40 | 14.3% | 3% | - | [141] |
Mortar | GO (0.022 wt%) | 0.42 | 34.10% | 30.37% | 33.0% | [88] |
Mortar | GO (0.1 wt%) | 0.48 | 27.7% | - | - | [142] |
Mortar | Graphene (0.05 wt%) | N.A. | 8.3% | 15.6% | Â | [143] |
Mortar | GO (0.15 wt%) | 0.35 | 13.7% | 14.5% | Â | [94] |
Mortar | GO (0.01 wt%) | 0.37 | 13.4% | 51.7% | 47.0% | [80] |
Mortar | GO (0.03 wt%) | 0.37 | 38.9% | 60.7% | 78.6% | |
Mortar | GO (0.05 wt %) | 0.37 | 47.9% | 30.2% | 35.8% | |
Mortar | CNTs (0.3 wt%) | 0.40 | -2.7% | - | - | [43] |
Mortar | CNTs (0.5 wt%) | 0.60 | -1.8% | - | - | |
Mortar | CNFs (0.1 wt%) | 0.485 | 6.15 | - | - | [34] |
Concrete | CNFs (0.30 wt%) | 0.20 | 60.0% | 10.1% | 55.0% | [29] |
Concrete | CNTs (0.002 wt%) | 0.23 | -1.1% | - | - | [28] |
Concrete | CNTs (0.005 wt%) | 0.23 | 5.5% | - | - | |
Concrete | CNTs (0.008 wt%) | 0.23 | -0.8% | - | - | |
Concrete | CNTs (0.01wt%) | 0.23 | -4.9% | - | - | |
Concrete | CNFs (0.1 wt%) | 0.51 | 8.13% | - | - | [34] |
Concrete | CNFs (0.10 wt%) | 0.51 | 6.16% | - | - | [144] |
Concrete | Graphene (0.30 wt%) | 0.20 | 40% | 59% | - | [125] |
Concrete | Graphene (0.10 wt%) | 0.16 | 62.25 | 9.25 | - | [145] |