Table 5 Mix Design Guidance for Porous Asphalt Mixture
Sieve Size | NAPA IS 115 (2002) [29] | ASTM D7064/D7064M-08 [7] | Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) [42] | Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) [45] | Minnesota Asphalt Pavement Association (MAPA) [36] | APWA-WA-LAGSP S[5] | UNHSC [59] | Maine Mall Project (2010) [44] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3/8” | 1/2″ | 3/8″ Wear | 3/8″ | 1/2″ | |||||||
Aggregate Gradation Broadband Limits (Percent Passing by Weight) | |||||||||||
3/4″ | 19 mm | 100 | 100 | – | 99–100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | – | 100 |
1/2” | 12.5 mm | 85–100 | 85–100 | 99–100 | 90–98 | 95–100 | 85–100 | 90–100 | 85–100 | 100 | 85–100 |
3/8” | 9.5 mm | 35–60 (55–75a) | 35-60 | 90-100 | – | 70–100 | 55–75 | 55–90 | 55–75 | 85–100 | 55–75 |
No.4 | 4.75 mm | 10–25 | 10–25 | 22–40 | 18–32 | 20–40 | 10–25 | 10–40 | 10–25 | 20–40 | 10–25 |
No. 8 | 2.36 mm | 5–10 | 5–10 | 5–15 | 3–15 | 10–20 | 5–15 | 0–20 (No.40: 0–13) | 5–12 | 5–10 | 5–10 |
No. 200 | 0.075 mm | 2–4 | 2–4 | 1–5 | 1–5 | 0–4 | 2–4 | 0–5 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 2–4 |
Asphalt Binder Performance Grade | Two grades stiffer than normal binder | One or two grades stiffer (high PG) than normal binder | Polymer modified asphalt binder for wearing course | PG 70–22 or PG 76–22 | PG 58–28 or PG 64–22 | PG 70–22ER or higher grade | PG64–28 SBR, PG 76–22, or PG 76–28 SBS | PG 76–28 SBS | |||
Binder Content (%) by Total Mix | 6.0–6.5% | 6.0–6.5% | Per JMF (ODOT TM 318) | 5.5–7.0% | 5.5% Min. | 6.0–7.0% | 5.8–6.5% | 6.0% Min. | |||
Fiber Dosage (%) by Total Mix | 0.3% Cellulose 0.4% Mineral | 0.2–0.5% | – | 0.2–0.4% Cellulose | 0.2–0.4% Cellulose | based on draindown test | 0.25% | 0.3% Cellulosec 0.4% Mineralc | |||
Gyratory Level (Ndes) | 50 | 50 | 3/8″ mix: 50 (1/2″ mix: non-SGC) | 50 | 50 | 75 | – | 50 | |||
Air Voids (ASTM D3203 or ASTM D6857) | ≥ 18% | ≥ 18% | 16–20% (VFA: 30–50%) | 16–20% (ASTM D6752) 18–22% (AASHTO T275 or T269) | ≥ 16% | 16–25% | 16–22% | 20% | |||
Cantabro Abrasion | Unaged | ≤ 20% | ≤ 20% | – | – | – | – | ≤ 20% | – | ||
Aged | ≤ 30% | ≤ 30% (Average) ≤ 50% (Any Individual) | – | – | – | – | ≤ 30% | – | |||
Draindown (ASTM D6390) | ≤ 0.3% | ≤ 0.3% | 70–80% (ODOT TM 318) | ≤ 0.3% | ≤ 0.3% | ≤ 0.3% | ≤ 0.3% | ≤ 0.3% | |||
Moisture Susceptibility (AASHTO T283) | TSR ≥ 80% (5 FT cyclesb) | TSR ≥ 80% (5 FT cycles) | TSR ≥ 80% (for surrogate dense-graded mix) | Coating ≥90% (ASTM D3625) or surrogate dense graded mix | Not Applicable | Coating ≥95% (ASTM D3625) or surrogate dense graded mix | TSR ≥ 80% (1 FT cycle), otherwise, use anti-strip additive | – | |||